With the development of technical requirements, the current challenges faced by bearing materials mainly revolve around high-temperature conditions and the trend towards material lightweighting. Full ceramic bearings are the new candidate due to their excellent properties. This article details the tribological and adsorption performance of chlorophenyl silicone oil (CPSO) as a high-temperature lubricant in ceramic tribological systems (ZrO 2, Al 2O 3, and Si 3N 4). Among the three ceramic tribological systems, the lubrication performance can be ordered as Si 3N 4 > Al 2O 3 > ZrO 2, as the wear rates of the ZrO 2 and Al 2O 3 tribo-systems are almost 1135.67 and 283.33 times larger than that of the Si 3N 4 tribo-system, respectively. The observed results can be explained by the superior adsorption performance of CPSO on a Si 3N 4 ceramic surface, which was calculated by molecular dynamic simulation. The molecular dynamic simulation results show the adsorption energy of CPSO/Si 3N 4 is almost 54.09 and 61.18 times higher compared to that on ZrO 2 and Al 2O 3 ceramics. These findings provide experimental and theoretical insights for understanding the lubrication performance of CPSO in a full ceramic tribo-system.