SANCHEZ JIMENEZ, GRACIELA
,
DESANTIS, KEVIN J.
,
SCHUSTER, THOMAS
权利要求:
Claims1. A method for manufacturing a liquid additive comprising an amine of the formula (1)where Ri is a linear or branched C8-C12 alkyl where the method comprises the steps of a) alkylating phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine with an olefin selected from linear or branched C8-C12 alkenes to obtain a first raw product comprising the amine of the formula (1); b) distilling off unreacted olefin from the first raw product to obtain a second raw product; and c) distilling off unreacted phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine from the second raw product to obtain the liquid additive.2. The method according to claim 1 where the liquid additive comprises at least 95 wt% of the amine of the formula (1).3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 where the liquid additive comprises the phenyl-alpha- naphthylamine, and the concentration of the phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine in the liquid additive is below 0.2 wt%, preferably below 0.1 wt%.4. The method according to any of the preceding claims where the olefin is selected from linear or branched Cg alkenes.5. The method according to any of the preceding claims where in step a) a molar ratio of the phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine to the olefin is used in the range from 1:0.8 to 1 :20, from 1 :1 to 1 :15, from 1 :2 to 1:10, from 1:3 to 1 :10, from 1:4 to 1 :10, or from 1:5 to 1 :10.6. The method according to any of the preceding claims where in step c) the second raw product is be heated in the sump to at least 100 °C at a vacuum of below 400 mbar.7. The method according to any of the preceding claims where in step c) the second raw product is be heated in the sump to at least 200 °C at a vacuum of below 100 mbar.8. The method according to any of the preceding claims further comprising a step d) recycling the distilled off unreacted olefin from the step b) in the alkylation of step a).9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, where the method is free of a crystallization step.10. The method according to any of the preceding claims where the liquid additive has a melting point of below 10 °C.11. The method according to any of the preceding claims where the liquid additive has a reduced aquatic toxicity.12. A liquid additive comprising- an amine of the formula (1)where Ri is a linear or branched C8-C12 alkyl, and- phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, where the liquid additive comprises at least 95 wt% of the amine of the formula (1), and where the concentration of the phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine in the liquid additive is below 0.2 wt%, preferably below 0.1 wt%.13. The liquid additive according to claim 12 obtainable by the method for manufacturing as defined in any of claims 1 to 11.14. The liquid additive according to claims 12 or 13 where the liquid additive has a reduced aquatic toxicity.15. A use of the liquid additive as defined in any of claims 11 to 13 in lubricants.